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Multicultural and Gender Studies (MCGS): Critical Race Theory

CRT is a framework with numerous tenets and common themes widely accepted as foundational elements, although there are NO universal principles which CRT theorists believe or endorse.

Race as a social construct

Race is a construction of our society, not one that exists biologically, and it carries significant, concrete meaning-shaping societal realities that have material, political, cultural, and psychological consequences.1

 Definitions of who fits into what racial category are circumscribed by those in power, and white as the normative category is at the top of the racial hierarchy.2

Leung and Lopez-McKnight (2021) 

Intersectionality

Intersectionality is a lens through which we can locate overlapping oppressions in the intersecting social divisions of class, race, gender, sexuality, ability, ethnicity, and citizenship to better understand how power operates in a society and creates social inequality.

Leung and Lopez-McKnight (2021) 

Critique of dominant ideologies

[Dominant ideologies like color blindness, objectivity, neutrality, and meritocracy] are used as disguises for the dominant group (and their structures) to push forward their interests, thus (re)producing and extending their power and harmful systems of domination.

Leung and Lopez-McKnight (2021) 

Racism is normal

One of the first and central tenets of CRT is the belief that racism is normal and deeply ingrained in American society through its systems and institutions. Racism is doing exactly what it is intended to do, which is to maintain a social structure rooted in White Supremacy.

Leung and Lopez-McKnight (2021) 

Interdisciplinary

[The CRT] framework pushes for the embracement of theories and methodologies from various academic disciplines and intellectual approaches.

It also implies that CRT is meant to be applied across disciplines, that the boundaries between disciplines are falsely constructed barriers.

Leung and Lopez-McKnight (2021) 

Focus on historical contexts

CRT scholars argue that in order to understand what is happening in the current moment, we must look to history and examine the particular historical, social, and economic contexts that led to this point.

Leung and Lopez-McKnight (2021) 

Interest convergence

Marginalized peoples’ racial justice interests are considered only when they converge with the interests of powerful whites.

Leung and Lopez-McKnight (2021) 

Experiences and Knowledge of BIPoC

Because the experiences and knowledge of BIPOC historically have been and continue to be ignored and erased, white people have little idea of what it’s like to be Black, Indigenous, or a Person of Color, nor do they often understand the value of BIPOC experiences and knowledge. CRT contends that these experiences and knowledge are necessary and crucial to moving us to eradicating multiple oppressions

Leung and Lopez-McKnight (2021) 

Whiteness as property

Cheryl Harris (1993) put forward the concept of whiteness as property, which argues that in the construction of the US, the concepts and relationship of race and property took form together. The nascent nation was dependent on Black peoples being not peoples, but property (through chattel slavery), and the erasure of Indigenous peoples (through conquest and colonization) for their land (seen as property). In relation to these violent structures of domination (and while establishing a racial hierarchy), whiteness, legally as well as psychologically, became constructed as property, containing certain functions, including rights of disposition; rights to use and enjoyment; reputation and status property; and the absolute right to exclude.

Leung and Lopez-McKnight (2021) 

Counterstorytelling and voice

CRT

Meriam Library | CSU, Chico